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Personal empowerment through sport and physical fitness activity: Perspectives from male college ... |
..students with physical anhd sensory disabilities
Opportunities and encouragement to develop qualities and skills that can personally empower individuals with disabilities are limited. One possible means to remove this "empowerment deficit" is through participation in sport and physical fitness activity. The purpose of the study was to examine the empowering capability of this activity context. Indepth, tape-recorded interviews were conducted with 28 male college students with physical or sensory disabilities. Questions focused on experiences and perceived outcomes related to their involvement in sport and physical fitness activity. Responses indicated activity participation was associated with three empowerment outcomes that individuals with disabilities often have limited opportunities to achieve: (a) perceived competence as a social actor, (b) facilitation of goal attainment, and (c) social integration. Participants were empowered at the individual level as these outcomes enhanced perceptions of their effectiveness as social actors and provided a greater sense of control in their lives.
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Adolescent Girls' Involvement in Disability Sport: A Comparison of Social Support Mechanisms. |
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Women and girls with disabilities are historically disenfranchised from physical recreation due to the "double whammy" of being female and having a disability. The literature suggests that challenges to participation likely include lack of social support for girls with disabilities to participate in sport. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to examine differences in social support received by girls with disabilities who did and did not participate in organized wheelchair sport programs. In addition, the relationship between social support and outcomes tied to wheelchair sport participation were investigated. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analyzed using constant comparison techniques. Utilizing a model of social support as a framework, the findings illustrate multiple differences in social support mechanisms for girls who are and who are not involved in wheelchair sport programs.
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The role of schools in constructing self-perceptions of sport and physical education in relation ... |
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...to people with disabilities
Relatively little work has been carried out upon the effect of educational environment upon the sporting involvement of children with disabilities. This paper is concerned with the educational experiences of a group of athletes who competed in the Sydney 2000 Paralympic Games. It highlights the major influence that the impact of the educational experiences of a child with a disability can have upon many areas of the child's life. Not only do the experiences of physical education within school have a long-term effect upon the participation, or otherwise, of individuals with disabilities in sport in later life, but they could also possibly affect the competitive strength of future Great Britain teams in the field of disability sport.
BSC
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'Identity work: young disabled people, family and sport' |
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It has long been recognised that family is an important arena in which sporting tastes and interests are nurtured. Indeed, for many young people the family introduces them to and then provides ongoing support for engaging in sport. Research has also indicated that the family has a significant position in the lives of young disabled people. In this paper we explore the interrelationships between sport, family and disability. Like a number of writers within disability studies we see the benefits of moving beyond a structure/agency dichotomy that currently limits social and medical model understandings of disability. In particular, we draw on the work of Marcel Mauss and Pierre Bourdieu both of whom argued that social life can be better understood by considering the embodiment of individuals through their habitus. We draw on data generated in an interview-based study with 10 young disabled people to explore the ways in which family contributes to, and mediates, sporting tastes and interests. We consider two key questions: How do young disabled people negotiate relations within the family and in what ways do these relations influence sporting tastes and interests? To what extent are young disabled people able to use sport to generate and convert (valued) capital within the family and other related arenas?
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Conceptions of children and adolescents with physical disabilities about their participation ... |
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...in a sports programme
Sport and leisure can be of soignificant importance for the well-being and social support of children and adolescents with physical disabilities. However, it has been established that organized sport sometimes has a social construction, in that those without disabilities are favoured at the expense of others. The aim of this study was, therefore, to describe conceptions of children and adolescents with physical disabilities about their participation in a sports programme. Using questions based on a holistic view of the human being, 20 children and adolescents were interviewed. The method of analysis used was inspired by phenomenography. Six categories emerged: getting new friends, learning, strengthening one’s physique, becoming someone, experiencing nature and having a good time. The findings show the great diversity of sports participation. Further, the conceptions mirror the difficulty of dividing people into groups and of delimiting important areas. The findings highlight the importance of programmes where actors from different sections of society cooperate. Even if the findings cannot be generalized, they nevertheless demonstrate that physical activity involves many positive factors both at the individual and at the society level.
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