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The emotional abuse of elite child athletes by their coaches |
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This study investigates the prevalence of emotional abuse of elite child athletes by their coaches in the UK. Previous research has focused primarily on the parent-child relationship, with little attention given to date on the sports environment. Participants were 12 former elite child athletes who competed as internationals in their respective age groups. All participants had been identified as elite athletes between the ages of 8 and 16 years (M = 13.1 yr, SD = 2.4 yr) and had competitive careers of between 6 and 10 years. Participants were from the sports of diving (N = 2), football (N = 3), gymnastics (N = 4), hockey, netball and track and field athletics (N = 1 each). The study was a retrospective analysis of their experiences as elite child athletes. (Age at interview: M = 22.9 yr, SD = 0.9 yr. male = 4, female = 8.) Thus, participants were reflecting on experiences from about 10 years previously, so their responses represented the residual impact of their experiences that had survived over this period. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and response-coding techniques. Abusive behaviours were categorized under eight headings: belittling, humiliating, shouting, scapegoating, rejecting, isolating, threatening and ignoring. Results showed that all (N = 12) of the participants reported experiencing belittling and shouting by their coach, nine athletes reported frequent threatening behaviour, nine reported frequent humiliation, seven reported scapegoating, six reported rejection or being ignored and four reported being isolated when they were elite child athletes. All participants reported that the behaviour of their coaches changed and became more negative after they were identified as elite performers. Participants reported feeling stupid, worthless, upset, less confident, humiliated, depressed, fearful and angry as a result of the behaviour of their coaches. The results provide tentative evidence that the behaviour of some coaches is a threat to the psychological well-being of elite child athletes.
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Are parental health habits transmitted to their children? An eight year longitudinal study of .... |
....physical activity in adolescents and their parents
Parents are believed to play a role in influencing their children's
health behaviours. This longitudinal study of two generations (parents
and their children) examined associations between parents’
self-reported leisure-time physical activity changes and the
self-reported physical activity changes of their offspring in a sample
of 557 adolescents over an 8 year period (from 13 to 21 years of age).
The results revealed only weak and non-existent associations between
changes in parents’ physical activity and changes in adolescent
physical activity from 13 to 21 years of age. The findings did not
support the hypothesis that adolescents’ leisure-time physical activity
covaried with their parents’ leisure-time physical activity over time.
This may mean that parental physical activity is not transmitted to
their children to the degree that is often believed.
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Exploring Teachers’ Biographies and Perceptions of Girls’ Participation in Physical Education |
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Drawing on data from a life history study of 11 women, this article explores the ways in which a group of newly qualified female physical education (PE) teachers constructed the ‘problem’ of girls’ relatively low participation in PE. It is suggested that, while these women voluntarily expressed a desire to change the gendered nature of PE, during teaching their positions were most strongly oriented towards a discourse of liberal individualism constructing ‘girls’ as a problem in PE. The life stories highlighted the ways in which a discourse of liberal individualism came to be reproduced through a series of connections between their own schooling experiences as successful pupils in the PE system, which set them aside from ‘disinterested’ girls, and the experiential resources this later provided them with in constructing their own pedagogical positions as teachers. The article concludes by suggesting ways in which teachers may begin to move beyond seeing girls as ‘problems’ within PE by drawing on an understanding of physical culture and developing reflexive practices in teacher education.
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Who makes the decision: The parent or the child? The Perceived influence of parents and children ... |
...on the purchase of recreational services.
A study examined the role of parents and children in the purchase of public recreation services using a family decision research approach. Results indicate that mothers play a dominant role in shaping the purchase decision.
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Participants in school-sponsored and independent sports: Perceptions of self and family |
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In a study, perceptions of social competence and family dynamics were examined among adolescent participants in school-sponsored and independent sports of baseball and skateboarding, respectively. Perceptions of social competence were diffentially related to degree of sports involvement and perceived skill but were not related to the social acceptability of the sport.
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